Europe is facing a growing energy poverty crisis, with nearly 48 million people struggling to heat their homes. This alarming figure, representing over 10% of the EU population in 2023, marks a significant rise from 2019 when around 30.8 million people were affected. The root causes of this crisis lie in surging energy prices, the lingering impact of the 2022 energy crisis due to reduced Russian gas supplies, and the gradual reduction of government support.

The issue is particularly severe in countries like Bulgaria, Lithuania, and Greece, where lower income levels and outdated heating systems make it difficult for many households to afford sufficient warmth. In contrast, wealthier nations like Finland and Luxembourg are less affected, thanks to better insulation standards and stronger economies. However, even these countries are not immune to potential future price spikes.

Energy poverty is driven by a combination of factors, including rising costs, income disparities, and inefficient housing infrastructure. Many homes in the EU still rely on old fossil-fuel-based heating systems that are expensive to operate, making the situation worse for low-income households. The problem is compounded by a lack of political will to implement long-term solutions. Instead of investing in sustainable, decentralized energy systems, policymakers often resort to short-term measures that fail to address the root causes of energy poverty.

The reality is stark: millions of Europeans are forced to endure freezing temperatures during winter, exposing them to severe health risks and financial hardship. Without decisive action to make energy more affordable and housing more efficient, this crisis will only deepen, leaving millions vulnerable to future economic and energy shocks.